Raphael completed the second composition between 1509 and 1511. Read detailed instructions on how to buy tickets to the museums here. He represented fewer, larger figures so that their actions and emotions have more direct impact on the viewers, and he used theatrical lighting effects to spotlight certain figures and heighten tension. The school of Raphael was working on its decoration based on drawings by the artist, who died before the completion of the artwork. Its frescoes represent this struggle from the life of the Roman Emperor Constantine, and are the work of Giulio Romano, Gianfrancesco Penni and Raffaellino del Colle. The Fire in the Borgo shows an event documented in the Liber Pontificalis, where the fire broke out in the Borgo in Rome in year 847. It is the latter, of course, that outshines the others. Pythagoras is depicted in the foreground intent on describing the diatesseron. Of course, the best option to see all main masterpieces of the Vatican Museums and particularly of the Raphael Rooms is by getting private guided tour. The original furnishings from the times of Julius II were replaced with a new wooden wainscot. In the fresco Apollo and the Muses are surrounded by poets from antiquity and Raphael's own time. The fresco of The Vision of the Cross depicts the legendary story of a great cross appearing to Constantine as he marched to confront his rival Maxentius. His main love of the life was Margherita Luti, also known as La Fornaria or “the baker’s daughter”, who lived in Trastevere area. The Raphael rooms are decorated with paintings that make them look magnificent. The Stanza dell'incendio del Borgo was named for the Fire in the Borgo fresco which depicts Pope Leo IV making the sign of the cross to extinguish a raging fire in the Borgo district of Rome near the Vatican. In addition, on the ground, at the sides of the altar on which the Most Holy Sacrament dominates, you can see the Militant Church. The four episodes of the Old Testament on the ceiling are the work of Raphael, while in the grotesques and arches there are parts attributed to Luca Signorelli, Bramantino, Lorenzo Lotto and Cesare da Sesto. [3] The Pope is portrayed as a participant in the Mass and a witness to the miracle; he kneels to the right of the altar, with members of the Curia (also portraits) standing behind him. Raphael depicted the episode at the gates of Rome, identified by the Colosseum, by an aqueduct, an obelisk. Together with Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling frescoes, they are the grand fresco sequences that mark the High Renaissance in Rome. His masterpiece was the Sala della Segnatura where he painted perhaps his most loved work, the La Scuola d’Atene, 'The School of Athens.' Tell us, what is your favorite painting? The first composition Raphael executed between 1509 and 1510[6] was the Disputation of the Holy Sacrament, the traditional name for what is really an Adoration of the Sacrament. In 1500, while Raphael was in his teens, he was described as a “master” and commissioned to help paint the Baronci Altarpiece for a church in Castello, a town bearby Urbino. This fresco in the Stanza della Segnatura, one of the four Raphael Rooms in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican, is one of four paintings in the room which depict … Because they are not by the master himself, the frescos are less famous than works in the neighboring rooms. The next room, going from East to West, is the Stanza di Eliodoro ("Room of Heliodorus"). Many of his works located in the Vatican Palace and Villa Farnesina (Trastevere area, Rome). Painted between 1511 and 1514, it takes its name from one of the paintings. It was the study housing the library of Julius II, in which the Signatura of Grace tribunal was originally located. He was a prolific artist, and despite death at the young age of 37, has a considerable body of work to study. This event is shown in The Oath of Leo III. It was Da Vinci’s art that made an influence and inspired Raphael for his artworks from the Florentine period. Don’t forget to follow the dress code during your visit, you have to cover your knees and shoulders! The frescoes from the ceiling date to the first decoration commissioned by Julius II at the beginning of his pontificate. In Rome from 1509 to 1511, he painted the Stanza della Segnatura ("Room of the Signatura") frescoes located in the Palace of the Vatican. His father, Giovanni Santi, was a court painter … This first of the famous "Stanze" or " Raphael Rooms " to be painted, now known as the Stanza della Segnatura after its use in Vasari's time, was to make a stunning impact on Roman art, and remains generally regarded as his greatest masterpiece, containing The … The Disputation over the Most Holy Sacrament, corresponding to Theology, located on the wall opposite the School of Athens. [9] It was meant to reside over the philosophical section of Pope Julius II's library. This fresco is attributed to Giovanni Francesco Penni. He … The final painting in the sequence, The Donation of Constantine, records an event that supposedly took place shortly after Constantine's baptism, and was inspired by the famous forged documents, incorporated into Gratian's Decretum, granting the Papacy sovereignty over Rome's territorial dominions. The Cardinal Virtues allegorically presents the virtues of fortitude, prudence and temperance alongside charity, faith, and hope. Although the focal point is the still figure of the priest at prayer, Heliodorus and the angels rush forward into space, threatening to spill out of the painting. The rooms are located a few steps away from the Sistine Chapel and St. Peter’s Cathedral. The frescoes illustrate the political relations of Leo X through the real life stories of two previous Popes with the same name: Leo III and Leo IV. This room was prepared as a music room for Julius' successor, Leo X. Raphael was commissioned by Pope Julius II to paint the four rooms … Moreover, the pontiff is a portrait of the Pope Julius II. Following Raphael's death in 1520, his assistants Gianfrancesco Penni, Giulio Romano and Raffaellino del Colle finished the project with the frescoes in the Sala di Costantino. 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